Refactor version macros and fix related bugs

The previous logic with VERSION_MKSTRING was a bit unwieldy, so there were
several places hardcoding their own variant of the version string, potentially
with bugs (e.g. forgetting the patch number when defined).

The new logic defines:

- VERSION_BRANCH, the main 'major.minor' version (e.g. 3.1)
- VERSION_NUMBER, which can be 'major.minor' or 'major.minor.patch',
  depending on whether the latter is defined (e.g. 3.1.4)
- VERSION_FULL_CONFIG, which contains the version status (e.g. stable)
  and the module-specific suffix (e.g. mono)
- VERSION_FULL_BUILD, same as above but with build/reference name
  (e.g. official, custom_build, mageia, etc.)
  Note: Slight change here, as the previous format had the build name
  *before* the module-specific suffix; now it's after
- VERSION_FULL_NAME, same as before, so VERSION_FULL_BUILD prefixed
  with "Godot v" for readability

Bugs fixed thanks to that:

- Export templates version matching now properly takes VERSION_PATCH
  into account by relying on VERSION_FULL_CONFIG.
- ClassDB hash no longer takes the build name into account, but limits
  itself to VERSION_FULL_CONFIG (build name is cosmetic, not relevant
  for the API hash).
- Docs XML no longer hardcode the VERSION_STATUS, this was annoying.
- Small cleanup in Windows .rc file thanks to new macros.

(cherry picked from commit 23ebae01dc)

editor/plugins/asset_library_editor_plugin.cpp

@@ -30,11 +30,10 @@
 
 #include "asset_library_editor_plugin.h"
 
+#include "core/io/json.h"
+#include "core/version.h"
 #include "editor_node.h"
 #include "editor_settings.h"
-#include "io/json.h"
-
-#include "version_generated.gen.h"
 
 void EditorAssetLibraryItem::configure(const String &p_title, int p_asset_id, const String &p_category, int p_category_id, const String &p_author, int p_author_id, int p_rating, const String &p_cost) {
 
@@ -877,7 +876,8 @@ void EditorAssetLibrary::_search(int p_page) {
 	}
 	args += String() + "sort=" + sort_key[sort->get_selected()];
 
-	args += "&godot_version=" + itos(VERSION_MAJOR) + "." + itos(VERSION_MINOR);
+	// We use the "branch" version, i.e. major.minor, as patch releases should be compatible
+	args += "&godot_version=" + String(VERSION_BRANCH);
 
 	String support_list;
 	for (int i = 0; i < SUPPORT_MAX; i++) {