SCons: Cleanup GCC warnings configuration

- Outright disable spammy warnings due to past or present GCC bugs:
  * `-Wno-strict-overflow` for GCC 7.
  * `-Wno-type-limits` for GCC before 11 (regressed in 9/10, might work in
    earlier releases but at this stage we don't care).
  * `-Wno-return-type` for GCC 12/13 (regression, still not fixed).
- Enable extra warnings conditionally when broken on earlier GCC:
  * `-Wnoexcept` was removed due to an upstream regression in GCC 9, could
    be re-enabled (but commented out for now as we actually have `-Wnoexcept`
    warnings to fix.
  * `-Wlogical-op` was broken on our variadic templates before GCC 11, now
    seems fine.

drivers/unix/net_socket_posix.cpp

@@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ NetSocketPosix::~NetSocketPosix() {
 	close();
 }
 
-// Silent a warning reported in #27594
-
+// Silence a warning reported in GH-27594.
+// EAGAIN and EWOULDBLOCK have the same value on most platforms, but it's not guaranteed.
 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wlogical-op"